Bootstrap Grid System

Bootstrap Grid System

Here’s a beginner-friendly guide to the Bootstrap Grid System, one of the most powerful features in the Bootstrap framework for building responsive layouts.

📦 What Is the Bootstrap Grid System?

The Bootstrap grid system is a 12-column responsive layout system that helps you organize and align content using rows and columns.

It’s built on top of Flexbox, and makes it easy to design layouts that work on all screen sizes.

🧱 Basic Structure

html
<div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col">Column 1</div> <div class="col">Column 2</div> </div> </div>

  • .container: Centers content with padding

  • .row: Wraps columns and clears float

  • .col: Auto-sizes to share space equally

🔟 The 12-Column Rule

You can divide a row into 12 units total.

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col-4">4</div> <div class="col-8">8</div> </div>

✅ 4 + 8 = 12 columns → Full width

You can use:

  • .col-1 to .col-12

  • Mix and match: col-3, col-6, col-3 (adds to 12)

📱 Responsive Breakpoints

Class PrefixScreen SizeMin Width
col-Extra small (xs)<576px
col-sm-Small≥576px
col-md-Medium≥768px
col-lg-Large≥992px
col-xl-Extra large≥1200px
col-xxl-XXL≥1400px

Example:

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col-12 col-md-6">Left</div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6">Right</div> </div>

📱 On mobile: stacked
💻 On desktop: side-by-side

✨ Common Grid Tricks

✅ Equal Columns

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col">1</div> <div class="col">2</div> <div class="col">3</div> </div>

✅ Nested Grids

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col-6"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-6">Nested 1</div> <div class="col-6">Nested 2</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-6">Main Right</div> </div>

✅ Offset Columns

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 offset-md-2">Pushed Right</div> </div>

✅ Column Order

html
<div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 order-md-2">Second on Desktop</div> <div class="col-md-6 order-md-1">First on Desktop</div> </div>

🧪 Grid Playground

Try it online here:
🔗 Bootstrap Grid Builder

✅ Summary

ConceptClass
Define grid.container, .row, .col
Set width.col-4, .col-6, etc.
Responsive design.col-sm-*, .col-lg-*
Alignmentjustify-content-*, align-items-*
Spacingg-3 (gutters), m-*, p-*

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