HTML Basics

HTML Basics

🧱 HTML Basics – A Beginner’s Guide to Web Structure

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the foundation of every webpage. It defines the structure and content — like text, images, links, and forms — in a browser-readable format.

📦 Basic Structure of an HTML Document

html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>My First HTML Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello, World!</h1>
<p>This is my first web page.</p>
</body>
</html>
TagPurpose
<!DOCTYPE>Declares HTML5 version
<html>Root of the HTML document
<head>Metadata (title, styles, etc.)
<body>Visible content of the page

📝 Common HTML Tags

📄 Text Tags

html
<h1> to <h6> <!-- Headings -->
<p> <!-- Paragraph -->
<strong> <!-- Bold -->
<em> <!-- Italic -->
<br> <!-- Line break -->
<hr> <!-- Horizontal line -->

🔗 Links and Images

html

<a href="https://example.com">Visit Site</a>

<img src=“logo.png” alt=“Logo” width=“200” />

📋 Lists

html

<ul> <!-- Unordered list -->
<li>Item 1</li>
<li>Item 2</li>
</ul>

<ol> <!– Ordered list –>
<li>Step 1</li>
<li>Step 2</li>
</ol>

📦 Containers and Layout

html
<div>Generic container</div>
<span>Inline container</span>

🧾 Tables

html
<table>
<tr>
<th>Name</th><th>Age</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Anil</td><td>28</td>
</tr>
</table>

📤 Forms (Basic)

html
<form action="/submit" method="POST">
<label for="name">Name:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" name="name" required />
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>

✅ Semantic HTML (Better Structure)

Use these tags to give meaning to your layout:

html
<header> <!-- Page or section header -->
<nav> <!-- Navigation links -->
<main> <!-- Main content -->
<article> <!-- Blog post or similar -->
<section> <!-- Thematic grouping -->
<footer> <!-- Page footer -->

🧠 HTML Attributes

Attributes provide extra information about an element:

html
<a href="https://example.com" target="_blank" title="Visit">Visit</a>
AttributeDescription
hrefLink target
srcImage source
altImage description
id / classUsed for styling or scripting
type / value / nameUsed in forms

🔍 Tips for Beginners

  • Always use proper nesting (tags inside tags)

  • Close all your tags (except self-closing like <br> or <img>)

  • Use alt text for images (for accessibility)

  • Validate your HTML: https://validator.w3.org

✅ 1. 🔄 Interactive HTML Practice (Beginner-Friendly)

Use this platform to code and preview instantly:

📌 Start with this code snippet:

html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Practice Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Hello!</h1>
<p>This is my first HTML practice.</p>
<a href="https://www.google.com" target="_blank">Visit Google</a>
</body>
</html>

✅ 2. 🧾 Downloadable PDF Cheat Sheet

Would you like a PDF version of the HTML Basics Cheat Sheet (with tags, syntax, structure)?

🔽 I can generate a print-ready PDF for you.

👉 Just reply:
“Send the HTML cheat sheet PDF” — and I’ll provide it right here.

✅ 3. 🚀 Starter Project: HTML + CSS + JS

I can give you a simple mini project like:

  • 📄 Personal Profile Page

  • 📰 Simple Blog Layout

  • 📋 Todo List (with JS)

  • 🖼️ Image Gallery

👉 Just tell me what you’d like (e.g., “I want the blog layout”), and I’ll create a clean, ready-to-edit template for you.

✅ 1. HTML Basics Cheat Sheet (PDF)

🧾 A neatly formatted PDF covering:

  • Page structure

  • Common tags (text, images, links, forms, etc.)

  • Semantic HTML

  • Example snippets

  • Attribute reference

  • Best practices

🔧 Generating your downloadable PDF…
(I’ll share it in the next message.)

✅ 2. Starter Project (Choose One)

Pick one and I’ll send you the complete HTML + CSS + JS template:

  1. 🧍 Personal Profile Page

  2. 📰 Simple Blog Layout

  3. 📝 Todo List (with JavaScript)

  4. 🖼️ Image Gallery

  5. 🎨 Portfolio Website

  6. 📬 Contact Form Page

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