Frontend Testing

Select Frontend Testing Frontend Testing

✅ What is Frontend Testing?

Frontend testing is the practice of testing the user interface (UI) and client-side functionality of a web application to ensure everything works correctly for the user — visually and functionally.

🧪 It covers everything from unit tests for UI components to end-to-end tests simulating real user interactions in the browser.

🧩 Types of Frontend Testing

TypeWhat It TestsTools
🔬 Unit TestingIndividual components or functionsJest, Vitest
🧪 Component TestingUI components in isolationReact Testing Library, Cypress Component Testing
🔁 Integration TestingInteraction between multiple componentsTesting Library
🧭 End-to-End (E2E)Full user flows (login, checkout, etc.)Cypress, Playwright
👀 Visual Regression TestingUI appearance differencesPercy, Chromatic
🎨 Accessibility Testinga11y violations in UIaxe-core, Lighthouse

🧰 Popular Tools for Frontend Testing

🧪 1. Jest

  • Used for unit testing JavaScript/React/TypeScript

  • Works great with Babel, React, Vue, Node, etc.

bash
npm install --save-dev jest

🧪 2. React Testing Library / Vue Testing Library

  • Focuses on testing components the way users use them

  • Avoids testing implementation details

js
render(<Button />) fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Submit')) expect(someFn).toHaveBeenCalled()

🧪 3. Cypress

  • All-in-one E2E testing framework

  • Test UI flows in the browser

bash
npm install cypress --save-dev

🧪 4. Playwright

  • Fast, reliable E2E browser automation

  • Cross-browser testing (Chrome, Firefox, Safari)

🧪 5. Vitest

  • Vite-native test runner (like Jest but faster for Vite projects)

bash
npm i -D vitest

🧪 6. axe-core

  • Automated accessibility tests

js
import axe from 'axe-core'

📦 Example: React Component Test (with React Testing Library)

jsx
import { render, screen, fireEvent } from '@testing-library/react'; import Button from './Button';test('calls onClick when clicked', () => { const handleClick = jest.fn(); render(<Button onClick={handleClick}>Click me</Button>); fireEvent.click(screen.getByText('Click me')); expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1); });

🧪 E2E Testing Example (Cypress)

js
describe('Login Flow', () => { it('logs in successfully', () => { cy.visit('/login'); cy.get('input[name="email"]').type('user@example.com'); cy.get('input[name="password"]').type('password123'); cy.get('button[type="submit"]').click(); cy.url().should('include', '/dashboard'); }); });

🛠️ Frontend Testing Strategy (Recommended)

  1. Unit Tests – Fast, small, isolated

  2. Component Tests – Test rendering, props, events

  3. Integration Tests – Combine UI and logic

  4. E2E Tests – Simulate real user workflows

  5. Manual Testing – Visual & UX checks

  6. Lighthouse + axe – SEO, performance, a11y

✅ Summary

GoalUse
Test logic and UIJest, Vitest, Testing Library
Simulate real user behaviorCypress, Playwright
Catch visual regressionsPercy, Chromatic
Ensure accessibilityaxe, Lighthouse
Fast feedback in CIRun tests on every PR/build

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